Talk Description
The Khondalite Belt has been formed in consequence of a continental-continental collision between Yinshan and Ordos blocks amalgamated into the Western Block of the North China Craton at ~1.95 Ga. The major lithologies of this belt are dominated by graphite-bearing Al-rich gneiss/granulite, garnet-bearing quartzite, felsic paragneiss, calcsilicate rock and marble, named khondalites and exposed in the Helanshan-Qianlishan, Daqingshan-Wulashan and Jining complexes from west to east. In the past decades, amounts of studies on the Khondalite Belt were focused on the sedimentary protoliths of these khondalites, it has now become increasingly clear that sedimentary protoliths of khondalites are mainly derived from a ca. 2.0 Ga provenance. This suggests a significant Paleoproterozoic crustal accretion in North China. However, the detailed accretion history is unclear because of the lack of systematic studies of synchronous magmatic rocks. This study presents detailed petrology, major and trace element, Sr-Nd isotope, and in-situ zircon U-Pb dating and Hf-O isotope of granites from the Qianlishan Complex of the Khondalite Belt. Zircon SIMS U-Pb data determine three episodes of Paleoproterozoic magmatism in the Qianlishan Complex at 2.06 Ga, 1.95 Ga and 1.92 Ga, respectively. Of those, the 2.06 Ga granites display typical features of A-type granite, represented by metaluminous affinity, high FeOT/MgO ratios (3.29-5.63), Ga/Al, Zr + Nb + Ce + Y values with high zircon saturation temperatures (916-1000℃). Moreover, they have positive zircon εHf values of 0.29-5.01 and homogenous δ18O values of 5.11-5.87‰, probably derived from the partial melting of calc-alkaline granitoids without addition of supracrustal rocks. The 1.95 Ga granites contain peraluminous minerals of garnet and muscovite and have high ASI index (>1.1) and δ18O values (7.14-9.18 ‰), belonging to S-type granite. Their negative whole-rock εNd(t) values (-2.87 ~ -2.81) and zircon εHf(t) values (-4.06 ~ 1.29) suggest a source nature of ancient supracrustal rocks. While the 1.92 Ga granites present metaluminous and magnesian signatures of I-type granite, including low A/CNK and FeOT/MgO ratios, as well as high Y contents and low U/Yb ratios. Their negative εHf(t) values (-5.00 ~ -1.64) and homogenous δ18O values (5.20-6.00) reveal that the original magma was derived primarily from the enriched lower crust. The results, combined with regional geology and previous studies, established a prolonged magmatic evolution of the Khondalite Belt from subduction to collision, involving 2.3-2.0 Ga subduction-related arc magmatism, 1.95 Ga syn-collisional high-pressure high-temperature crustal anatexis, and 1.92 Ga post-collisional magmatism and synchronous ultrahigh temperature metamorphism due to the slab break-off. This serves to constrain subduction-related accretion and amalgamation history and further establish a new tectonic model of the Western Block of the North China Craton.