The Neoarchean tectonic evolution of the North China Craton (NCC) has been a controversial issue, and bears significant implications for the geodynamic changes and cratonization of the NCC. The Jianping Complex (JPC), located at the northwestern margin of the Eastern Block in the North China Craton (NCC), is one of the high-grade complexes that subjected to granulite facies metamorphism. This study focuses on the late Neoarchean to early Paleoproterozoic metamorphic evolution of the felsic and intermediate granulites with ‘red-eye socket’ texture. Typical peak stage minerals including plagioclase, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and quartz, as well as post-peak growth of garnet, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, amphibole and quartz were identified. Phase equilibria modelling for two selected samples was performed using THERMOCALC 3.45. Based on the petrographic observations and the modelling results, anticlockwise P-T paths are recovered for the granulites. Peak stage metamorphic P-T conditions are constrained to be 940–1000 °C/8.0–8.5 kbar, and the post-peak final solidus assemblages were stable at the conditions of 880–900 °C/9.5–10.5 kbar. U-Pb dating of three granulites yields magmatic ages of ~2.50–2.53 Ga and metamorphic ages of ~2.49 Ga, suggesting the short interval between the emplacement and the granulite facies metamorphism. Anticlockwise P-T paths can result from intrusion and underplating of mantle-derived magmas in several potential tectonic settings, among which scenarios of magmatic arc and mantle plume are both possible for the NCC at ~2.5 Ga. Comprehensively considering the lithological, metamorphic, geochronological, and structural characteristics of the Neoarchean basement rocks in the NCC, we favor a mantle plume model in this study.