Talk Description
Changes in Earth processes are recorded through petrological, structural, geochemical, lithological and isotopic evidence. These data can be used by Earth scientists to explore fundamental issues such as the global change from pre-tectonic plate geodynamics to the emergence of plate tectonics. The physicochemical properties of rocks play a significant role in determining most geodynamic processes, including orogenesis, and these properties are directly influenced by the chemical reactions that occur during metamorphic evolution. To better understand and decipher orogenesis, it is imperative to understand mineral paragenesis in order to obtain precise estimates on the metamorphic conditions with respect to their temporal (t), and pressure (P) – temperature (T) evolution. The Geological Survey of Western Australia is presently undertaking in-depth geoscientific studies across the Archean Yilgarn Craton. The focus is on integrating metamorphism, regional deformation and granite emplacement into a holistic model, aided by the newly interpreted regional-scale mapping of the Eastern Goldfields Superterrane and adjacent Youanmi Terrane. The Ballard Shear Zone – Ida Fault system is an exposed crustal-scale structure that separates the two terranes. This structural corridor defines the eastern margin of the Ularring Greenstone Belt (UGB) adjacent to the syntectonic 2680–2660 Ma Riverina Gneiss within the Eastern Goldfields Superterrane. The area of interest forms a high-strain segment of the UGB sandwiched between the Riverina Gneiss to the east and the Copperfield Monzogranite to the west. The mafic–ultramafic greenstone sequence exposed along the UGB likely belongs to the 2720–2690 Ma Kalgoorlie Group. Slices of amphibolite and metasedimentary rocks also occur as km-scale rafts within this structural corridor. Recent reports have described garnet-bearing amphibolite and mica schist within the rocks from the UGB, with P–T estimates of 7–8 kbar at approximately 600 °C. Given the paucity of documented high-P metamorphic assemblages in Archean terrains, a primary objective of this investigation is to assess the prevalence of such high-grade rocks along the Ballard – Ida tectonic zone. A majority of the greenstone present in the UGB consists of metabasites that preserve low- to medium- metamorphic grade assemblages that interfinger with metasedimentary rocks. However, as there is a scarcity of robust P–T constraints the significance of the reported P–T conditions to integrate with tectonic models remains unclear. In this study, we employ metamorphic petrology techniques to examine metamorphic textures and their significance in determining the P–T–t evolution of a set of layered metamorphosed mafic and sedimentary rocks. This information has direct implications for understanding the larger scale geodynamic processes that were operative during the Mesoarchean – Neoarchean along the Eastern Goldfields Superterrane margin of the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia.