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6th International Archean Symposium
6th International Archean Symposium

Stratigraphy of the Norseman greenstone belt

Poster

Talk Description

The Yilgarn Craton has been subdivided into seven granite-greenstone terranes — the Narryer, South West and Youanmi Terranes in the west and the Kalgoorlie, Kurnalpi, Burtville and Yamarna Terranes in the east. The eastern terranes collectively comprise the Eastern Goldfields Superterrane. The Kalgoorlie Terrane, which is separated from the Youanmi Terrane by the Ida Fault, typically consists of a 2720–2690 Ma mafic–ultramafic package in greenstone belts, which has been assigned to the Kalgoorlie Group and is overlain by 2690–2665 Ma felsic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of the Black Flag Group. The 2665–2655 Ma late basin epiclastic rocks may overlie the Black Flag Group along an angular unconformity. A basement greenstone stratigraphy is identified beneath several succession of the Kalgoorlie Group and in some cases has been confirmed to be older than 2800 Ma, and in this respect similar to units of the Youanmi Terrane to the west and of the Burtville Terrane to the east. The Norseman greenstone belt, which lies at the southern end of the Kalgoorlie Terrane, consists of the lower, dominantly mafic Penneshaw Formation and the sedimentary Noganyer Formation that consists of banded-iron formation interbedded with silicilastic and volcaniclastic units. A succession of mafic and ultramafic rocks overlying the Noganyer Formation are assigned to the Woolyeenyer and overlying Mount Kirk Formations and have been correlated with the Kalgoorlie Group to the north. An existing 2930 ± 4 Ma age on a felsic volcanic unit interbedded with basalt in the Penneshaw Formation is poorly documented and contentious. The diamond drill hole, PE6, which this sample was sourced from was reinvestigated and the lithology was verified to be felsic volcaniclastic conglomerate. A similar age of 2932 ± 3 Ma was also obtained from a volcaniclastic dacite within the Penneshaw Formation. Mylonitized plagioclase-phyric dacite intrusive into the Penneshaw Formation have given igneous crystallization ages of 2859 ± 3 Ma and 2857 ± 4 Ma. Two different horizons of volcaniclastic conglomerate interbedded with banded-iron formation in the Noganyer Formation give unimodal age populations of 2938 ± 8 Ma and 2921 ± 7 Ma, interpreted to represent the age of volcaniclastic deposition and of magmatic crystallization. The only geochronological constraint on the Woolyeenyer Formation is from an internally differentiated gabbroic sill that intruded the base of the formation, which has been dated at 2714 ± 5 Ma. The onset of ultramafic volcanism in the Norseman greenstone belt in the Mount Kirk Formation is constrained by a maximum depositional age of an interflow sedimentary unit dated at 2713 ± 8 Ma (single detrital age population). The current geochronological data shows a > 200 Ma time gap between deposition of the Penneshaw–Noganyer Formations and the Woolyeenyer Formation. The Lunnon Basalt that underlies the komatiite horizon in the Kambalda greenstone belt (Kalgoorlie Group) is commonly considered to be a stratigraphic equivalent to the Woolyeenyer Formation. However, our recently acquired data suggests that the Woolyeenyer Formation is geochemically more similar to basement basaltic sequences that underlie the Kalgoorlie Group. Dates from interbedded volcanic and sedimentary rocks within the lower mafic stratigraphy in the Lenora and Menzies greenstone belts suggest that those units were deposited prior to 2800 Ma.

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